1 | Specifies all physico-chemical properties for the species. |
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2 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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3 | Specie | Radioact. | WetDep(below-Cl)| WetDep(in-Cl)| DryDepo(gas) | DryDepo(particles) Alt. | | OH Reaction | |
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4 | Name | Halflife[s]| A B | Ai Bi | D H f0 | rho dquer dsig vd | molweight| C** D[T] N*** | |
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5 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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6 | 1 TRACER | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 350.0 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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7 | 2 O3 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.5 1.0e-02 1.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 48.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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8 | 3 NO | -999.9 | 8.0E-06 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.2 3.0e-03 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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9 | 4 NO2 | -999.9 | 1.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.6 1.0e-02 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 46.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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10 | 5 HNO3 | -999.9 | 5.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.9 1.0e+14 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 63.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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11 | 6 HNO2 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.6 1.0e+05 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 47.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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12 | 7 H2O2 | -999.9 | 1.0E-04 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.4 1.0e+05 1.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 34.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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13 | 8 SO2var | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 2.0 1.0e+05 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 64.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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14 | 9 HCHO | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.3 6.0e+03 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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15 | 10 PAN | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 2.6 3.6e+00 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 121.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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16 | 11 NH3 | -999.9 | 9.9E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.1 2.0e+14 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 17.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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17 | 12 SO4-aero | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.0E03 4.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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18 | 13 NO3-aero | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.0E03 4.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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19 | 14 I2-131 | 691200.0 | 8.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 2.7 1.0e+05 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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20 | 15 I-131 | 691200.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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21 | 16 Cs-137 | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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22 | 17 Y-91 | 5037120.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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23 | 18 Ru-106 |31536000.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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24 | 19 Kr-85 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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25 | 20 Sr-90 | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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26 | 21 Xe-133 | 453168.0 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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27 | 22 CO | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 28.00 | ? ? ? | |
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28 | 23 SO2dryOH | | | | | | | ? ? ? | |
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29 | 24 AIRTRACER | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 29.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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30 | 25 AEROTRACER| -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 1.4E+03 2.5E-07 1.25 -9.99 | 29.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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31 | 26 CH4 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 16.00 | 9.65E-20 1082.0 2.58 | |
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32 | 27 C2H6 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | 15.2E-18 498.0 2.0 | |
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33 | 28 C3H8 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 44.00 | 15.5E-18 61.0 2.0 | |
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34 | x PCB28 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 3.8 3.1e-00 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 257.54 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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35 | x PCB101 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 4.3 3.2e-00 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 326.43 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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36 | x PCB180 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 4.7 1.7e+01 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 395.32 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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37 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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38 | ** unit [cm^3/molec/s] (in FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this had unit [cm3/s], note the unit is now changed!) |
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39 | *** no unit |
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40 | |
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41 | UPDATE FOR FLEXPART VERSION 10.0 DEV: |
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42 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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43 | Please note that the format of the SPECIES files has changed from the previous version (9.2) of FLEXPART and it is important |
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44 | to update all SPECIES files accordingly. The use of SPECIES files from older FLEXPART versions may lead to run-time |
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45 | errors or erroneous results. |
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46 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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47 | Half life due to radioactive or chemical decay and can be switched off by specifying a negative value. |
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48 | Molecular weight (molweight of the species, needed for mixing ratio output) |
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49 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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50 | WET DEPOSITION |
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51 | |
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52 | Below-cloud scavenging |
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53 | - Gases: |
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54 | A and B are the parameters for below-cloud scavenging defined by Eq. scavenging coefficient = A x precipitation-rate^B |
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55 | If you migrate from FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this is equal to A and B as it was. |
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56 | - Particles: |
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57 | A "rain collection efficiency" |
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58 | B "snow collection efficiency" are both defined by Equations 46-47. |
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59 | Suggested values for particle scavenging are A=1.0,B=1.0. |
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60 | Using values A=0.2 and B=0.2 will give results close to the old scavenging scheme of FLEXPART version 9.2 and below. |
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61 | |
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62 | In-cloud scavenging |
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63 | - Gases: |
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64 | Is switched on if Ai or Bi are given greater than 0 |
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65 | If you migrate from FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this is equal to Ai and Bi should be set to 1 |
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66 | - Particles: |
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67 | Ai ("Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) efficiency") |
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68 | Bi ("Ice Nuclei (IN) efficiency") are both from Eq. 51. |
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69 | Suggested values for particle scavenging are Ai=0.9 and Bi=0.1. |
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70 | Using values Ai=0.9 and Bi=0.9 should give results cto the old scavenging scheme of FLEXPART version 9.2 and below. |
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71 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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72 | DRY DEPOSITION |
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73 | - Gases: |
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74 | D is the diffusivity of water vapor and |
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75 | D_i is the diffusivity of the species, |
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76 | H is the effective Henry’s constant, |
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77 | f0 varies between 0 and 1 and gives the reactivity of a species relative to that of ozone. For non-reactive species f0 is 0, for slightly reactive it is 0.1 and for highly reactive it is 1. |
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78 | Dry deposition of gases is switched off by negative D. |
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79 | - Particles: |
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80 | rho specifies the density of the substance, |
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81 | dquer its mean diameter |
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82 | dsig the measure of variation. |
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83 | If no detailed information for deposition velocity calculation is available, a constant deposition velocity vd [cm s-1] can be used. |
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84 | Dry deposition of particles is switched off by negative rho. |
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85 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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86 | OH REACTION: |
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87 | can be turned on by giving parameter C [cm^3/molecule/sec]], D [K] and N [no unit] positive values, defined by Eq. 39. |
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88 | OH reaction is switched off by negative C. |
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89 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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90 | Optionally emission variation information |
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91 | can be added at the end of the file, defined as following: Since FLEXPART version 6.0, emission factors can be defined that change the temporal variation of particle releases. This is useful, for instance, |
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92 | to simulate the typical daily and weekly cycle of anthropogenic emissions. The emission factors are given in the file of the |
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93 | corresponding species SPECIES_nnn, where nnn is the species number defined in file RELEASES. If no emission variation |
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94 | information is given, emission rates for species nnn are taken as constant. Release rates can vary with the hour of the day |
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95 | and with the day of the week, according to the local time at the release location. Emission factors must be 1 on average. 24 |
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96 | hourly as well as 7 daily values must be specified. Furthermore, different disaggregation factors must be given for area sources |
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97 | and for point sources. FLEXPART distinguishes between the two using the lower altitude of the release box: area sources are |
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98 | assumed to start below 0.5 m above the ground, whereas point sources are assumed to be higher. Please note that when this |
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99 | option is used, it is not so easy to determine the maximum number of particles present at a particular time of the model run. It |
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100 | might then be necessary to increase the parameter maxpart to a higher value than what would otherwise be needed. |
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