| 1 | Specifies all physico-chemical properties for the species. |
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| 2 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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| 3 | Specie | Radioact. | WetDep(below-Cl)| WetDep(in-Cl)| DryDepo(gas) | DryDepo(particles) Alt. | | OH Reaction | |
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| 4 | Name | Halflife[s]| A B | Ai Bi | D H f0 | rho dquer dsig vd | molweight| C** D[T] N*** | |
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| 5 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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| 6 | 1 TRACER | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 350.0 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 7 | 2 O3 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.5 1.0e-02 1.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 48.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 8 | 3 NO | -999.9 | 8.0E-06 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.2 3.0e-03 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 9 | 4 NO2 | -999.9 | 1.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.6 1.0e-02 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 46.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 10 | 5 HNO3 | -999.9 | 5.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.9 1.0e+14 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 63.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 11 | 6 HNO2 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.6 1.0e+05 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 47.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 12 | 7 H2O2 | -999.9 | 1.0E-04 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.4 1.0e+05 1.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 34.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 13 | 8 SO2var | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 2.0 1.0e+05 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 64.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 14 | 9 HCHO | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 1.3 6.0e+03 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 15 | 10 PAN | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | 2.6 3.6e+00 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 121.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 16 | 11 NH3 | -999.9 | 9.9E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 1.1 2.0e+14 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 17.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 17 | 12 SO4-aero | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.0E03 4.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 18 | 13 NO3-aero | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.0E03 4.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 19 | 14 I2-131 | 691200.0 | 8.0E-05 0.62 | 1.0 1.0 | 2.7 1.0e+05 0.1 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 20 | 15 I-131 | 691200.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 21 | 16 Cs-137 | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 22 | 17 Y-91 | 5037120.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 23 | 18 Ru-106 |31536000.0 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 24 | 19 Kr-85 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 25 | 20 Sr-90 | -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 2.5E03 6.0E-7 3.0E-1 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 26 | 21 Xe-133 | 453168.0 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | -9.99 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 27 | 22 CO | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 28.00 | ? ? ? | |
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| 28 | 23 SO2dryOH | | | | | | | ? ? ? | |
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| 29 | 24 AIRTRACER | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 29.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 30 | 25 AEROTRACER| -999.9 | 1.0 1.0 | 0.9 0.1 | -9.9 | 1.4E+03 2.5E-07 1.25 -9.99 | 29.00 | -9.9E-09 -9.9 -9.9 | |
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| 31 | 26 CH4 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 16.00 | 9.65E-20 1082.0 2.58 | |
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| 32 | 27 C2H6 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 30.00 | 15.2E-18 498.0 2.0 | |
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| 33 | 28 C3H8 | -999.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 -9.9 | -9.9 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 44.00 | 15.5E-18 61.0 2.0 | |
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| 34 | x PCB28 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 3.8 3.1e-00 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 257.54 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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| 35 | x PCB101 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 4.3 3.2e-00 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 326.43 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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| 36 | x PCB180 | -999.9 | 5E-06 0.62 | -9.9 -9.9 | 4.7 1.7e+01 0.0 | -9.9E09 -9.99 | 395.32 | ? ? 2.0 | |
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| 37 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| |
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| 38 | ** unit [cm^3/molec/s] (in FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this had unit [cm3/s], note the unit is now changed!) |
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| 39 | *** no unit |
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| 40 | |
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| 41 | UPDATE FOR FLEXPART VERSION 10.0 DEV: |
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| 42 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 43 | Please note that the format of the SPECIES files has changed from the previous version (9.2) of FLEXPART and it is important |
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| 44 | to update all SPECIES files accordingly. The use of SPECIES files from older FLEXPART versions may lead to run-time |
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| 45 | errors or erroneous results. |
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| 46 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 47 | Half life due to radioactive or chemical decay and can be switched off by specifying a negative value. |
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| 48 | Molecular weight (molweight of the species, needed for mixing ratio output) |
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| 49 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 50 | WET DEPOSITION |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | Below-cloud scavenging |
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| 53 | - Gases: |
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| 54 | A and B are the parameters for below-cloud scavenging defined by Eq. scavenging coefficient = A x precipitation-rate^B |
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| 55 | If you migrate from FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this is equal to A and B as it was. |
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| 56 | - Particles: |
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| 57 | A "rain collection efficiency" |
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| 58 | B "snow collection efficiency" are both defined by Equations 46-47. |
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| 59 | Suggested values for particle scavenging are A=1.0,B=1.0. |
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| 60 | Using values A=0.2 and B=0.2 will give results close to the old scavenging scheme of FLEXPART version 9.2 and below. |
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| 61 | |
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| 62 | In-cloud scavenging |
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| 63 | - Gases: |
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| 64 | Is switched on if Ai or Bi are given greater than 0 |
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| 65 | If you migrate from FLEXPART version 9.2 and below this is equal to Ai and Bi should be set to 1 |
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| 66 | - Particles: |
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| 67 | Ai ("Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) efficiency") |
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| 68 | Bi ("Ice Nuclei (IN) efficiency") are both from Eq. 51. |
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| 69 | Suggested values for particle scavenging are Ai=0.9 and Bi=0.1. |
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| 70 | Using values Ai=0.9 and Bi=0.9 should give results cto the old scavenging scheme of FLEXPART version 9.2 and below. |
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| 71 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 72 | DRY DEPOSITION |
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| 73 | - Gases: |
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| 74 | D is the diffusivity of water vapor and |
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| 75 | D_i is the diffusivity of the species, |
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| 76 | H is the effective Henry’s constant, |
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| 77 | f0 varies between 0 and 1 and gives the reactivity of a species relative to that of ozone. For non-reactive species f0 is 0, for slightly reactive it is 0.1 and for highly reactive it is 1. |
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| 78 | Dry deposition of gases is switched off by negative D. |
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| 79 | - Particles: |
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| 80 | rho specifies the density of the substance, |
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| 81 | dquer its mean diameter |
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| 82 | dsig the measure of variation. |
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| 83 | If no detailed information for deposition velocity calculation is available, a constant deposition velocity vd [cm s-1] can be used. |
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| 84 | Dry deposition of particles is switched off by negative rho. |
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| 85 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 86 | OH REACTION: |
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| 87 | can be turned on by giving parameter C [cm^3/molecule/sec]], D [K] and N [no unit] positive values, defined by Eq. 39. |
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| 88 | OH reaction is switched off by negative C. |
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| 89 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 90 | Optionally emission variation information |
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| 91 | can be added at the end of the file, defined as following: Since FLEXPART version 6.0, emission factors can be defined that change the temporal variation of particle releases. This is useful, for instance, |
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| 92 | to simulate the typical daily and weekly cycle of anthropogenic emissions. The emission factors are given in the file of the |
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| 93 | corresponding species SPECIES_nnn, where nnn is the species number defined in file RELEASES. If no emission variation |
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| 94 | information is given, emission rates for species nnn are taken as constant. Release rates can vary with the hour of the day |
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| 95 | and with the day of the week, according to the local time at the release location. Emission factors must be 1 on average. 24 |
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| 96 | hourly as well as 7 daily values must be specified. Furthermore, different disaggregation factors must be given for area sources |
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| 97 | and for point sources. FLEXPART distinguishes between the two using the lower altitude of the release box: area sources are |
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| 98 | assumed to start below 0.5 m above the ground, whereas point sources are assumed to be higher. Please note that when this |
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| 99 | option is used, it is not so easy to determine the maximum number of particles present at a particular time of the model run. It |
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| 100 | might then be necessary to increase the parameter maxpart to a higher value than what would otherwise be needed. |
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