!********************************************************************** ! Copyright 1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2005,2007,2008,2009,2010 * ! Andreas Stohl, Petra Seibert, A. Frank, Gerhard Wotawa, * ! Caroline Forster, Sabine Eckhardt, John Burkhart, Harald Sodemann * ! * ! This file is part of FLEXPART. * ! * ! FLEXPART is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * ! it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by* ! the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * ! (at your option) any later version. * ! * ! FLEXPART is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * ! but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * ! MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * ! GNU General Public License for more details. * ! * ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * ! along with FLEXPART. If not, see . * !********************************************************************** subroutine pbl_profile(ps,td2m,zml1,t2m,tml1,u10m,uml1,stress,hf) !******************************************************************** ! * ! G. WOTAWA, 1995-07-07 * ! * !******************************************************************** ! * ! DESCRIPTION: CALCULATION OF FRICTION VELOCITY AND SURFACE SENS- * ! IBLE HEAT FLUX USING THE PROFILE METHOD (BERKOVICZ * ! AND PRAHM, 1982) * ! * ! Output now is surface stress instead of ustar * ! * ! * !******************************************************************** ! * ! INPUT: * ! * ! * ! ps surface pressure(Pa) * ! td2m two metre dew point(K) * ! zml1 heigth of first model level (m) * ! t2m two metre temperature (K) * ! tml1 temperature first model level (K) * ! u10m ten metre wind speed (ms-1) * ! uml1 wind speed first model level (ms-1) * ! * !******************************************************************** ! * ! OUTPUT: * ! * ! stress surface stress (i.e., friction velocity (ms-1) squared * ! multiplied with air density) * ! hf surface sensible heat flux (Wm-2) * ! * !******************************************************************** ! ustar friction velocity (ms-1) * ! maxiter maximum number of iterations * !******************************************************************** use par_mod implicit none integer :: iter real :: ps,td2m,rhoa,zml1,t2m,tml1,u10m,uml1,ustar,hf real :: al,alold,aldiff,tmean,crit real :: deltau,deltat,thetastar,psim,psih,e,ew,tv,stress integer,parameter :: maxiter=10 real,parameter :: r1=0.74 e=ew(td2m) ! vapor pressure tv=t2m*(1.+0.378*e/ps) ! virtual temperature rhoa=ps/(r_air*tv) ! air density deltau=uml1-u10m !! Wind Speed difference between !! Model level 1 and 10 m if(deltau.le.0.001) then !! Monin-Obukhov Theory not al=9999. !! applicable --> Set dummy values ustar=0.01 stress=ustar*ustar*rhoa hf=0.0 return endif deltat=tml1-t2m+0.0098*(zml1-2.) !! Potential temperature difference !! between model level 1 and 10 m if(abs(deltat).le.0.03) then !! Neutral conditions hf=0.0 al=9999. ustar=(vonkarman*deltau)/ & (log(zml1/10.)-psim(zml1,al)+psim(10.,al)) stress=ustar*ustar*rhoa return endif tmean=0.5*(t2m+tml1) crit=(0.0219*tmean*(zml1-2.0)*deltau**2)/ & (deltat*(zml1-10.0)**2) if((deltat.gt.0).and.(crit.le.1.)) then !! Successive approximation will al=50. !! not converge ustar=(vonkarman*deltau)/ & (log(zml1/10.)-psim(zml1,al)+psim(10.,al)) thetastar=(vonkarman*deltat/r1)/ & (log(zml1/2.)-psih(zml1,al)+psih(2.,al)) hf=rhoa*cpa*ustar*thetastar stress=ustar*ustar*rhoa return endif al=9999. ! Start iteration assuming neutral conditions do iter=1,maxiter alold=al ustar=(vonkarman*deltau)/ & (log(zml1/10.)-psim(zml1,al)+psim(10.,al)) thetastar=(vonkarman*deltat/r1)/ & (log(zml1/2.)-psih(zml1,al)+psih(2.,al)) al=(tmean*ustar**2)/(ga*vonkarman*thetastar) aldiff=abs((al-alold)/alold) if(aldiff.lt.0.01) goto 30 !! Successive approximation successful end do 30 hf=rhoa*cpa*ustar*thetastar if(al.gt.9999.) al=9999. if(al.lt.-9999.) al=-9999. stress=ustar*ustar*rhoa end subroutine pbl_profile